What type of materials can be produced by the petrochemical industry from crude oil fractions?

The petrochemical industry processes crude oil fractions to produce a wide range of materials, including solvents, lubricants, polymers, and detergents. These compounds are derived from various chemical processes applied to the hydrocarbons found in crude oil.

Solvents are often produced for use in paints, coatings, and cleaning supplies. Lubricants are essential for machinery and automotive applications to reduce friction. Polymers, such as plastics, are created through polymerization processes and are ubiquitous in everyday items. Detergents, used for cleaning purposes, are synthesized from petrochemical feedstocks as well.

The other options are narrower in scope or misaligned with the primary outputs of the petrochemical industry. While fuels are indeed a significant product, the industry encompasses much more than just fuel production. Food additives and chemical fertilizers, while important, are typically derived from different agricultural or chemical processes and are not the primary focus of the petrochemical industry. Thus, the variety of materials listed in the correct answer encompasses the broader and more representative output of the petrochemical industry.