Assessment and Qualifications Alliance (AQA) GCSE Biology Paper 2 Practice Exam

The key condition for catalytic cracking is a high temperature of around 550°C combined with the use of a zeolite catalyst. Catalytic cracking is a process employed in petroleum refining to break down larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more valuable products, such as gasoline and olefins. The elevated temperature is necessary to provide sufficient energy to facilitate the breaking of bonds in large hydrocarbons. The zeolite catalyst enhances the efficiency of the process by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction, allowing it to occur at a lower temperature compared to thermal cracking methods.

Other conditions listed, such as using steam, working without a catalyst, or combining with sulfuric acid, do not align with the established practices for catalytic cracking in the refining industry, which predominantly focuses on using a catalyst and specific high temperatures to optimize product yield and quality.