What is the source of potable water when fresh water is in limited supply?

Desalination of salty or sea water is a significant method of producing potable water, especially in regions where fresh water sources are scarce. This process involves removing the salt and other impurities from seawater, making it safe for human consumption and use.

In areas facing drought or limited natural freshwater supplies, desalination plants can provide a reliable alternative, allowing access to an abundant supply of seawater that can be transformed into drinking water. This technology is particularly crucial in arid coastal regions where freshwater resources are insufficient to meet the demands of the population.

Other options, such as collection of stormwater, glacial meltwater, and recycling wastewater, can contribute to the overall water supply, but they each have specific limitations based on geographical, climatic, or infrastructural factors. For example, stormwater collection is heavily reliant on weather patterns, glacial meltwater may not be a consistent resource due to climate changes, and recycling wastewater, while effective, often requires significant treatment facilities which may not be feasible everywhere.