What does the Haber process primarily produce?

The Haber process primarily produces ammonia, which is a compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen (NH₃). This process is crucial for synthesizing ammonia from its constituent elements in a high-pressure and high-temperature environment, using an iron catalyst to facilitate the reaction.

The reaction involves nitrogen gas from the atmosphere and hydrogen gas, typically derived from natural gas or other sources. The production of ammonia is significant due to its vital role in agriculture as a key component of fertilizers, which enhance plant growth and improve crop yields. Additionally, ammonia is used in the manufacturing of various chemicals and is a fundamental compound in the nitrogen cycle within ecosystems.

The other choices represent substances that are not produced by the Haber process: hydrogen gas is a reactant rather than a product; carbon dioxide and oxygen are not involved in the reaction at all, making them unrelated to the Haber process. Understanding this process highlights its importance in both industrial applications and environmental impacts, particularly in relation to global food production.