How is the Rf value calculated?

The Rf value, or retention factor, is a crucial measurement in chromatography that provides insight into how far a substance has moved compared to the solvent front during the process. The correct calculation of the Rf value is achieved by dividing the distance traveled by the substance by the distance traveled by the solvent.

In chromatography, as the solvent moves through the stationary phase, different substances will travel with it at varying rates based on their interaction with the stationary phase and the solvent. The distance moved by the substance reflects its affinity for the stationary phase relative to the solvent. By defining Rf in this way, it allows for comparisons between substances, as the Rf is typically a value that remains consistent under the same experimental conditions.

Thus, the correct formula provides a standard way to express the movement of substances in chromatography, facilitating analysis and allowing scientists to identify and compare various compounds effectively.